Chronic subdural hematoma recurrence treatment
see also Chronic subdural hematoma treatment.
There is no definite operative procedure for patients with chronic subdural hematoma recurrence.
Most are managed successfully with Burr hole trephination for chronic subdural hematoma with a closed drainage system. Refractory hematomas may be managed with a variety of techniques, including craniotomy or subduroperitoneal shunt placement 1).
Although many studies have reported risk factors or treatments in efforts to prevent recurrence, those have focused on single recurrence, and little cumulative data is available to analyze refractory CSDH.
Matsumoto et al. defined refractory chronic subdural hematoma as ≥2 recurrences, then analyzed and compared clinical factors between patients with single recurrence and those with refractory CSDH in a cohort study, to clarify whether patients with refractory CSDH experience different or more risk factors than patients with single recurrence, and whether burr-hole irrigation with closed-system drainage reduces refractory CSDH.
Seventy-five patients had at least one recurrence, with single recurrence in 62 patients and ≥2 recurrences in 13 patients. In comparing clinical characteristics, patients with refractory CSDH were significantly younger (P=0.04) and showed shorter interval to first recurrence (P<0.001). Organized CSDH was also significantly associated with refractory CSDH (P=0.02). Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified first recurrence interval <1 month (OR 6.66, P<0.001) and age <71 years (OR 4.16, P<0.001) as independent risk factors for refractory CSDH. On the other hand, burr-hole irrigation with closed-system drainage did not reduce refractory CSDH.
When patients with risk factors for refractory CSDH experience recurrence, alternative surgical procedures may be considered as the second surgery, because burr-hole irrigation with closed-system drainage did not reduce refractory CSDH 2).
Implantation of a reservoir 3) 4) 5).
Subdural-peritoneal shunt 6).