degenerative_cervical_myelopathy_case_reports

A 63-year-old male who complained of a four-week-long “tingling and numbness” in his right upper and lower extremities. The sensation worsened over the next couple of days to the point where it affected his gait and led to a subsequent visit to the emergency room. Initial presentation prompted a stroke workup, but further investigation revealed findings suggestive of CSM. This case report highlights the symptomology of cervical spondylotic myelopathy in adults greater than 50 years of age and emphasizes the importance of recognizing the essential markers of this condition 1).


1: Wang W, Tong A, Liu N, Biering-Soerensen F, Tong S. Case series on the Charcot neuroarthropathy in hands after cervical central cord syndrome. BMC Musculoskelet Disord. 2022 Jun 6;23(1):545. doi: 10.1186/s12891-022-05502-7. PMID: 35668418; PMCID: PMC9172008.

2: Ando T, Kamoshita S, Riku Y, Ito A, Ozawa Y, Miyamura K, Fujino M, Ito M, Goto Y, Mano K, Akagi A, Miyahara H, Katsuno M, Yoshida M, Iwasaki Y. Neurolymphomatosis in follicular lymphoma: an autopsy case report. Neuropathology. 2022 May 23. doi: 10.1111/neup.12807. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 35607714.

3: Check L, Abdelsayed N, Figueroa G, Ragunathan A, Faris M. Subacute Combined Degeneration of the Cervical Spine Secondary to Inhaled Nitrous-Oxide-Induced Cobalamin Deficiency. Cureus. 2022 Jan 13;14(1):e21214. doi: 10.7759/cureus.21214. PMID: 35174022; PMCID: PMC8840839.

4: Lu Y, Xiang JY, Shi CY, Li JB, Gu HC, Liu C, Ye GY. Cervical spondylotic myelopathy with syringomyelia presenting as hip Charcot neuroarthropathy: A case report and review of literature. World J Clin Cases. 2022 Jan 21;10(3):1077-1085. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i3.1077. PMID: 35127922; PMCID: PMC8790466.

5: Yurube T, Iguchi T, Kinoshita K, Sadamitsu T, Kakutani K. Upper Cervical Compression Myelopathy Caused by the Retro-Odontoid Pseudotumor With Degenerative Osteoarthritis and Calcium Pyrophosphate Dihydrate Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review. Neurospine. 2021 Dec;18(4):903-913. doi: 10.14245/ns.2142112.056. Epub 2021 Dec 31. PMID: 35000348; PMCID: PMC8752696.

6: Wathieu N, Hussein M, Omar M, Wathieu D, Skinner KA, Toraih E, Borchardt J, Kandil E. Intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring prevented iatrogenic spinal cord injury during robotic-assisted transabdominal adrenalectomy: a case report. Gland Surg. 2021 Nov;10(11):3155-3162. doi: 10.21037/gs-21-235. PMID: 34926231; PMCID: PMC8637075.

7: Liawrungrueang W, Sarasombath P, Maihom T, Tantivorawit W, Sugandhavesa N, Bunmaprasert T. Anterior cervical spine surgery for treatment of secondary dysphagia associated with cervical myelopathy in patient with Forestier's disease. Ann Med Surg (Lond). 2021 Nov 23;72:103120. doi: 10.1016/j.amsu.2021.103120. PMID: 34888049; PMCID: PMC8637186.

8: Ruggeri L, Brunasso L, Urrico G, Alessandrello R, Cinquemani G, Lipani R, Mandelli J, Nobile F, Iacopino DG, Maugeri R. Waste not, want not: Report of a completely calcified C1-C2 juxtafacet cyst and literature review. Surg Neurol Int. 2021 Jul 27;12:369. doi: 10.25259/SNI_574_2021. PMID: 34513136; PMCID: PMC8422454.

9: Giorgi PD, Pallotta ML, Legrenzi S, Schirò GR. Spinal cord compression in dialysis-related upper cervical amyloidoma - a case report. Spinal Cord Ser Cases. 2021 May 25;7(1):40. doi: 10.1038/s41394-021-00409-2. PMID: 34035225; PMCID: PMC8149880.

10: Takeshima Y, Okamoto A, Yokoyama S, Nakagawa I, Nakase H. Unilateral Degenerative Facet Joint Pathology Eliciting Rapidly Progressive Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy. Cureus. 2021 Apr 1;13(4):e14238. doi: 10.7759/cureus.14238. PMID: 33959433; PMCID: PMC8093117.

11: Wolf JK, Early PJ, Pozzi A, Vigani A. Ultrasound-guided paravertebral perineural glucocorticoid injection for signs of refractory cervical pain associated with foraminal intervertebral disk protrusion in four dogs. J Am Vet Med Assoc. 2021 May 1;258(9):999-1006. doi: 10.2460/javma.258.9.999. PMID: 33856871.

12: Pessini Ferreira LM, Auger C, Kortazar Zubizarreta I, Gonzalez Chinchon G, Herrera I, Pla A, de Barros A, Tortajada C, Rovira A. MRI findings in cervical spondylotic myelopathy with gadolinium enhancement: Review of seven cases. BJR Case Rep. 2021 Jan 5;7(2):20200133. doi: 10.1259/bjrcr.20200133. PMID: 33841903; PMCID: PMC8008469.

13: Zipser CM, Spirig JM, Aguirre J, Hofer AS, Pfender N, Hupp M, Curt A, Farshad M, Schubert M. Safety and Feasibility of Lumbar Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure and Intraspinal Pressure Studies in Cervical Stenosis: A Case Series. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2021;131:367-372. doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-59436-7_70. PMID: 33839876.

14: Leclair NK, Knopf J, Baldwin M, Forouhar F, Onyiuke H. Rheumatoid pannus presenting as a large epidural mass in the subaxial cervical spine: A case report. Neurochirurgie. 2022 Jan;68(1):129-132. doi: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2021.02.009. Epub 2021 Mar 2. PMID: 33667534.

15: Georgiopoulos M, Papadakos D, Kraniotis P, Lygeros S, Margaritis V, Karnabatidis D, Gatzounis G. Neck angioedema after anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with coexistent epiglottic cyst. Surg Neurol Int. 2020 Dec 22;11:459. doi: 10.25259/SNI_808_2020. PMID: 33408944; PMCID: PMC7771507.

16: Moekotte J, Dzelili M, Minderhoud TC. Een vrouw met brandende pijn in de armen na een val [A women with burning pain in her arms after a fall]. Ned Tijdschr Geneeskd. 2020 Oct 1;164:D4765. Dutch. PMID: 33201622.

17: Laurent D, Bardhi O, Gregory J, Yachnis A, Governale LS. Pediatric pathology all grown up - An interesting case of adult tethered spinal cord. Surg Neurol Int. 2020 Oct 29;11:362. doi: 10.25259/SNI_641_2020. PMID: 33194295; PMCID: PMC7655999.

18: Singh R, Grewal B, Patil S. Missed bilateral radial head fractures in central cord syndrome. Spinal Cord Ser Cases. 2020 Oct 29;6(1):97. doi: 10.1038/s41394-020-00347-5. PMID: 33122627; PMCID: PMC7596496.

19: Fedorchuk C, Lightstone DF, Comer RD, Katz E, Wilcox J. Improvements in Cervical Spinal Canal Diameter and Neck Disability Following Correction of Cervical Lordosis and Cervical Spondylolistheses Using Chiropractic BioPhysics Technique: A Case Series. J Radiol Case Rep. 2020 Apr 30;14(4):21-37. doi: 10.3941/jrcr.v14i4.3890. PMID: 33082920; PMCID: PMC7536006.

20: Wang XF, Meng Y, Liu H, Hong Y, Wang BY. Surgical strategy used in multilevel cervical disc replacement and cervical hybrid surgery: Four case reports. World J Clin Cases. 2020 Sep 6;8(17):3890-3902. doi: 10.12998/wjcc.v8.i17.3890. PMID: 32953869; PMCID: PMC7479569.

21: Alisi MS, Al-Saber MG, Abdulelah AA, Alqaisi A, Kanaan TMA, Hadidi F. Cervical Myelopathy Due to Ochronosis: An Intraoperative Suspicion. Am J Case Rep. 2020 Sep 10;21:e924575. doi: 10.12659/AJCR.924575. PMID: 32908119; PMCID: PMC7491942.

22: Richter KR, Naylor R, Cutsforth-Gregory JK, Elder BD. Clinical Reasoning: A 75-Year-Old Man With Dementia, Incontinence, and Gait Dysfunction. Cureus. 2020 Jul 21;12(7):e9311. doi: 10.7759/cureus.9311. PMID: 32839680; PMCID: PMC7440276.

23: Huang Z, Tong Y, Fan Z, Zhao C, Gong P. Modified Posterior Percutaneous Endoscopic Cervical Discectomy for The treatment of Degenerative Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy Caused by Vertebral Posterior Osteophytosis. World Neurosurg. 2020 Nov;143:462-465. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.08.087. Epub 2020 Aug 19. PMID: 32822958.

24: Nakashima H, Kanemura T, Satake K, Ito K, Ouchida J, Morita D, Ando K, Kobayashi K, Ishiguro N, Imagama S. Reoperation for Late Neurological Deterioration After Laminoplasty in Individuals With Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy: Comparison of Cases of Cervical Spondylosis and Ossification of the Posterior Longitudinal Ligament. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2020 Aug 1;45(15):E909-E916. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000003408. Erratum in: Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2020 Nov 1;45(21):E1450. PMID: 32675602.

25: Champaneri H, Banerjee AD. Rare Presentation: A Report of 2 Identical Cases with Thoracic Compressive Myelopathy in Down Syndrome. World Neurosurg. 2020 Oct;142:325-327. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2020.07.040. Epub 2020 Jul 14. PMID: 32673810.

26: Nakashima H, Ishikawa Y, Kato F, Kanemura T, Shinjo R, Ando K, Kobayashi K, Ishiguro N, Imagama S. Postoperative iatrogenic spinal cord herniation: three case reports with a literature review. Nagoya J Med Sci. 2020 May;82(2):383-389. doi: 10.18999/nagjms.82.2.383. PMID: 32581417; PMCID: PMC7276416.

27: Márkos-Gergely G, Watfa K, Balázsfi M, Szegeti A, Barzó P. A thoracalis porckorong-sérvesedés hátsó transduralis feltárása során nyert korai tapasztalatok a Szegedi Tudományegyetem, Idegsebészeti Klinikán [Early experiences in surgical treatment of thoracic disc herniation from posterior transdural approach at Neurosurgery Clinic Szeged University]. Ideggyogy Sz. 2020 May 30;73(05-06):207-212. Hungarian. doi: 10.18071/isz.73.0207. PMID: 32579311.

28: Gajski D, Dennis AR, Arnautovic KI. Surgical anatomy of microsurgical 3-level anterior cervical discectomy and fusion C4-C7. Bosn J Basic Med Sci. 2021 Jun 1;21(3):258-260. doi: 10.17305/bjbms.2020.4895. PMID: 32563239; PMCID: PMC8112558.

29: Schomacher M, Jiang F, Alrjoub M, Witiw CD, Diamandis P, Fehlings MG. The posterior cervical transdural approach for retro-odontoid mass pseudotumor resection: report of three cases and discussion of the current literature. Eur Spine J. 2020 Dec;29(Suppl 2):162-170. doi: 10.1007/s00586-020-06405-8. Epub 2020 Apr 15. PMID: 32296950.

30: Antonioni A, Fonderico M, Granieri E. Hirayama Disease: A Case of an Albanian Woman Clinically Stabilized Without Surgery. Front Neurol. 2020 Mar 17;11:183. doi: 10.3389/fneur.2020.00183. PMID: 32256441; PMCID: PMC7090124.

31: Yudistira A, Fujiwara Y, Sukmajaya WP, Pandiangan RAH, Abduh M. Multiple osteochondromas of the cervical spine, a potential cause of radiculopathy in the elderly: A case report and review of literature. Int J Surg Case Rep. 2020;69:13-19. doi: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2020.03.018. Epub 2020 Mar 28. PMID: 32248010; PMCID: PMC7132051.

32: Tapia Perez JH, Voll C, Shararah S. Treatment of Spinal Myoclonus Due to Degenerative Compression Myelopathy with Cervical Spinal Cord Stimulation: A Report of 2 Cases. World Neurosurg. 2020 Apr;136:44-48. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.12.170. Epub 2020 Jan 7. PMID: 31917309.

33: O'Connor KP, Smitherman AD, Palejwala AH, Krempl GA, Martin MD. Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion requiring resection of the superior horn of thyroid cartilage: case report. J Neurosurg Spine. 2019 Dec 6:1-3. doi: 10.3171/2019.9.SPINE19158. Epub ahead of print. PMID: 31812135.

34: Mathkour M, McCormack E, Hanna J, Werner C, Skinner K, Borchardt JA, Dumont AS, Maulucci CM. Iatrogenic spinal cord injury with tetraplegia after an elective non-spine surgery with underlying undiagnosed cervical spondylotic myelopathy: Literature review and case report. Clin Neurol Neurosurg. 2019 Dec;187:105549. doi: 10.1016/j.clineuro.2019.105549. Epub 2019 Nov 2. PMID: 31707289.

35: Sharma S, Vaishya S, Ahlawat S, Gupta RK. Intraspinal Degenerative Cyst Causing Compression Of Cervicomedullary Junction. World Neurosurg. 2019 Sep;129:359-362. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.06.141. Epub 2019 Jun 26. PMID: 31254712.

36: Madedor OJ, Lee S, Levey R. Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy Presenting as Ischemic Stroke: A Case Report. Cureus. 2019 Mar 21;11(3):e4291. doi: 10.7759/cureus.4291. PMID: 31183272; PMCID: PMC6538236.

37: Meskhi KT, Vorona BN. Miniinvazivnyĭ spondilodez pri mnogourovnevom stenoze sheĭnogo otdela pozvonochnika (klinicheskoe nabliudenie i obzor literatury) [Minimally invasive fusion in patients with multilevel cervical spinal stenosis: case report and literature review]. Zh Vopr Neirokhir Im N N Burdenko. 2019;83(2):109-114. Russian. doi: 10.17116/neiro201983021109. PMID: 31166325.

38: Kwon O, Shin DA, Chung J. Long-standing tentorial dural arteriovenous fistula presenting as progressively worsening cervical myelopathy by degenerative cervical intervertebral disc: a case report. Acta Neurochir (Wien). 2019 Aug;161(8):1523-1527. doi: 10.1007/s00701-019-03960-y. Epub 2019 May 30. PMID: 31147829.

39: Mowforth OD, Davies BM, Kotter MR. “I am not delusional!” Sensory dysaesthesia secondary to degenerative cervical myelopathy. BMJ Case Rep. 2019 Apr 11;12(4):e229033. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2018-229033. PMID: 30975783; PMCID: PMC6505976.

40: Kim HS, Damani N, Singh R, Adsul NM, Oh SW, Noh JH, Jang IT, Oh SH. Endoscopic Resection of Symptomatic Cervical Facet Cyst in Ankylosing Spondylitis. World Neurosurg. 2019 Jul;127:99-102. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2019.03.220. Epub 2019 Mar 29. PMID: 30930316.

41: Giovannini SJM, Pinto H, Marino P, Cervio A. Bilateral synovial cyst of the thoracic spine causing paraparesis. Neurochirurgie. 2019 Apr-Jun;65(2-3):89-92. doi: 10.1016/j.neuchi.2019.03.002. Epub 2019 Mar 29. PMID: 30922840.

42: Kent M, Glass EN, Boozer L, Song RB, Hankin EJ, Barber RM, Platt SR, de Lahunta A, Miller AD. Correlation of MRI with the Neuropathologic Changes in Two Cats with Bromethalin Intoxication. J Am Anim Hosp Assoc. 2019 May/Jun;55(3):e55302. doi: 10.5326/JAAHA-MS-6724. Epub 2019 Mar 14. PMID: 30870606.

43: Peterson V, Jeanmonod R. Traumatic cervical fusion hardware displacement presenting with dysphagia and dysphonia. Am J Emerg Med. 2019 Apr;37(4):795.e5-795.e8. doi: 10.1016/j.ajem.2019.01.009. Epub 2019 Jan 11. PMID: 30661872.

44: Takasawa E, Sorimachi Y, Iizuka Y, Tsunoda D, Mieda T, Iizuka H, Chikuda H. Risk Factors for Rapidly Progressive Neurological Deterioration in Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy. Spine (Phila Pa 1976). 2019 Jun 15;44(12):E723-E730. doi: 10.1097/BRS.0000000000002969. PMID: 30628980.

45: Certo F, Maione M, Visocchi M, Barbagallo GMV. Retro-odontoid Degenerative Pseudotumour Causing Spinal Cord Compression and Myelopathy: Current Evidence on the Role of Posterior C1-C2 Fixation in Treatment. Acta Neurochir Suppl. 2019;125:259-264. doi: 10.1007/978-3-319-62515-7_37. PMID: 30610331.

46: Maruo K, Tachibana T, Arizumi F, Kusuyama K, Kishima K, Yoshiya S. Clinical outcomes after posterior cervical decompression and fusion surgery for destructive spondyloarthropathy in patients undergoing long-term hemodialysis: A matched case-control study. J Orthop Sci. 2019 May;24(3):404-408. doi: 10.1016/j.jos.2018.10.019. Epub 2018 Nov 9. PMID: 30420294.

47: Lawson McLean A, Kalff R, Reichart R. Spinal Cord Stimulation for Acute Pain Following Surgery for Cervical Myelopathy: A Novel Treatment Strategy. Pain Pract. 2019 Mar;19(3):310-315. doi: 10.1111/papr.12742. Epub 2018 Dec 2. PMID: 30369016.

48: Hamard M, Martin SP, Boudabbous S. Retroodontoid Pseudotumor Related to Development of Myelopathy Secondary to Atlantoaxial Instability on Os Odontoideum. Case Rep Radiol. 2018 Sep 30;2018:1658129. doi: 10.1155/2018/1658129. PMID: 30363967; PMCID: PMC6186371.

49: Holton J, Jones M, Klezl Z, Czyz M, Grainger M, Rehousek P. A rare case of Paget's disease affecting the cervical spine. Ann R Coll Surg Engl. 2019 Feb;101(2):e38-e42. doi: 10.1308/rcsann.2018.0187. Epub 2018 Oct 16. PMID: 30325219; PMCID: PMC6351871.

50: Schär RT, Wilson JR, Ginsberg HJ. Intraoperative Ultrasound-Guided Posterior Cervical Laminectomy for Degenerative Cervical Myelopathy. World Neurosurg. 2019 Jan;121:62-70. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2018.09.217. Epub 2018 Oct 9. PMID: 30312813.

51: Park JM, Kim JH. False localizing sign caused by schwannoma in cervical spinal canal at C1-2 level: A case report. Medicine (Baltimore). 2018 Sep;97(36):e12215. doi: 10.1097/MD.0000000000012215. PMID: 30200137; PMCID: PMC6133423.

52: Christodoulides I, Giamouriadis A, Bashford J, Barkas K. Spinal myoclonus: a rare presentation of cervical myelopathy. BMJ Case Rep. 2018 Jul 30;2018:bcr2018225455. doi: 10.1136/bcr-2018-225455. PMID: 30061134; PMCID: PMC6069946.

53: Pennington Z, Zygourakis C, Ahmed AK, Kalb S, Zhu A, Theodore N. Immediate improvement of intraoperative monitoring signals following CSF release for cervical spine stenosis: Case report. J Clin Neurosci. 2018 Jul;53:235-237. doi: 10.1016/j.jocn.2018.04.023. Epub 2018 Apr 30. PMID: 29716808.

54: Bhansali A, Musacchio M, Stadlan N. Myelopathy after cervical disc arthroplasty due to progression of spondylosis at the index level: case report. J Neurosurg Spine. 2018 May;28(5):467-471. doi: 10.3171/2017.8.SPINE161385. Epub 2018 Feb 2. PMID: 29393833.

55: Madhavan K, Chieng LO, Gaynor BG, Levi AD. Transdural approach to resection of retro-odontoid cysts in elderly patients: report of 3 cases. J Neurosurg Spine. 2018 Mar;28(3):236-243. doi: 10.3171/2017.6.SPINE17429. Epub 2017 Dec 15. PMID: 29243997.

56: McInerney S, Keil A, Kim JS. Cervical Myelopathy Presenting as Bilateral Upper Extremity Weakness. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2017 Sep;47(9):691. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2017.7287. PMID: 28859596.

57: Kim J, Choi JG, Son BC. Bilateral Ganglion Cysts of the Ligamentum Flavum in the Cervical Spine Causing a Progressive Cervical Radiculomyelopathy and Literature Review. Case Rep Neurol Med. 2017;2017:3953641. doi: 10.1155/2017/3953641. Epub 2017 Jul 31. PMID: 28831319; PMCID: PMC5555025.

58: Yu E, Romero N, Miles T, Hsu SL, Kondrashov D. Dyspnea as the Presenting Symptom of Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy. Surg J (N Y). 2016 Dec 14;2(4):e147-e150. doi: 10.1055/s-0036-1597664. PMID: 28825009; PMCID: PMC5553503.

59: Gkasdaris G, Chourmouzi D, Karagiannidis A, Kapetanakis S. Spinal cord edema with contrast enhancement mimicking intramedullary tumor in patient with cervical myelopathy: A case report and a brief literature review. Surg Neurol Int. 2017 Jun 13;8:111. doi: 10.4103/sni.sni_125_17. PMID: 28680730; PMCID: PMC5482166.

60: Feng R, Loewenstern J, Caridi J. Cervical Burst Fracture in a Patient with Contiguous 2-Level Cervical Stand-Alone Cages. World Neurosurg. 2017 Sep;105:1041.e1-1041.e5. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.06.150. Epub 2017 Jul 1. PMID: 28676461.

61: Moscato GMF, Giacobbi E, Anemona L, Di Cesare S, Di Matteo G, Andreoni M, Mauriello A, Moschese V. Dysplasia of Granulocytes in a Patient with HPV Disease, Recurrent Infections, and B Lymphopenia: A Novel Variant of WHIM Syndrome? Front Pediatr. 2017 May 2;5:95. doi: 10.3389/fped.2017.00095. PMID: 28512628; PMCID: PMC5411434.

62: Bickelhaupt B, Richard M, Trbovich M. Advanced Hip Osteoarthritis Causing Autonomic Dysreflexia and Severe Spasticity in a Patient With Spinal Cord Injury: A Case Report. PM R. 2017 Oct;9(10):1047-1050. doi: 10.1016/j.pmrj.2017.02.015. Epub 2017 Mar 31. PMID: 28366524.

63: Guppy KH, Silverthorn JW. Spinal Cord Herniation After Cervical Corpectomy with Cerebrospinal Fluid Leak: Case Report and Review of the Literature. World Neurosurg. 2017 Apr;100:711.e7-711.e12. doi: 10.1016/j.wneu.2017.01.078. Epub 2017 Feb 1. PMID: 28159690.

64: Kehayov II, Zhelyazkov CB, Kalnev BM, Davarski AN, Kitov BD, Raykov SD. Initial Experience with O-Arm Navigated Spinal Surgery - Report on Two Cases. Folia Med (Plovdiv). 2016 Dec 1;58(4):293-298. doi: 10.1515/folmed-2016-0033. PMID: 28068277.

65: Theologou M, Zevgaridis D, Theologou T, Tsonidis C. Severe cervical spondylotic myelopathy with complete neurological and neuroradiological recovery within a month after surgery. J Surg Case Rep. 2016 Nov 24;2016(11):rjw202. doi: 10.1093/jscr/rjw202. Erratum in: J Surg Case Rep. 2016 Dec 31;2016(12 ): PMID: 27887013; PMCID: PMC5159182.

66: Ho JM, Law HY, Yuen SC, Yam KY. Overshunting-associated myelopathy: report of 2 cases. Neurosurg Focus. 2016 Sep;41(3):E16. doi: 10.3171/2016.7.FOCUS16179. PMID: 27581312.

67: Sadler R, Schumacher J, Ramsay E, McCleery B, Baine K, Thomas W, Nobrega-Lee M, Henry GA, Newman SJ. PROGRESSIVE SYRINGOHYDROMYELIA AND DEGENERATIVE AXONOPATHY IN A BOBCAT (LYNX RUFUS) FOLLOWING SURGICAL CORRECTION OF A CHIARI- LIKE MALFORMATION. J Zoo Wildl Med. 2016 Mar;47(1):329-32. doi: 10.1638/2014-0149.1. PMID: 27010296.

68: Page PS, Nazar RG, Park MC, James RF. Copper deficiency myelopathy in the setting of advanced degenerative cervical spondylosis. Br J Neurosurg. 2016 Aug;30(4):453-5. doi: 10.3109/02688697.2015.1080223. Epub 2015 Sep 4. PMID: 26337459.

69: Ekşi MŞ, Özcan Ekşi EE, Yılmaz B, Toktaş ZO, Konya D. Cervical myelopathy due to single level disc herniation presenting as intramedullary mass lesion: What to do first? J Craniovertebr Junction Spine. 2015 Apr-Jun;6(2):92-6. doi: 10.4103/0974-8237.156073. PMID: 25972718; PMCID: PMC4426531.

70: Gallagher MJ, Chavredakis E, Carter D, Bhojak M, Jenkinson MD, Clark SR. Cervical vertebral fusion with anterior meningocele. Neuroradiol J. 2015 Apr;28(2):205-8. doi: 10.1177/1971400915576308. Epub 2015 Apr 13. PMID: 25923673; PMCID: PMC4757161.

71: Flautt W, Westrick R. Cervical myelopathy in a special operations soldier. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2015 Mar;45(3):233. doi: 10.2519/jospt.2015.0403. PMID: 25726697.

72: Salas EN, Cerny HE, Harris SP. Dens agenesis and cervical vertebral malformation in a Labrador Retriever puppy. Vet Med (Auckl). 2014 Dec 18;6:11-15. doi: 10.2147/VMRR.S69674. PMID: 30101092; PMCID: PMC6067787.

73: Aurich M, Hofmann GO, Gras FM. Zervikale Myelopathie nach leichter HWS- Distorsion Grad 1. Möglicher Zusammenhang mit vorbestehender Spondylose der HWS [Cervical myelopathy after low grade distortion of the cervical spine. Possible association with pre-existing spondylosis of the cervical spine]. Unfallchirurg. 2015 Apr;118(4):372-5. German. doi: 10.1007/s00113-014-2673-5. PMID: 25336350.

74: Kim DS, Yang JS, Cho YJ, Kang SH. Acute myelopathy caused by a cervical synovial cyst. J Korean Neurosurg Soc. 2014 Jul;56(1):55-7. doi: 10.3340/jkns.2014.56.1.55. Epub 2014 Jul 31. PMID: 25289127; PMCID: PMC4185322.

75: Oppenlander ME, Bina R, Snyder LA, Dickman CA. Intravertebral polymethylmethacrylate augmentation of anterior cervical discectomy fusion and plating in the setting of osteoporosis. J Spinal Disord Tech. 2014 May;27(3):185-8. doi: 10.1097/BSD.0000000000000052. PMID: 24945297.

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1)
Madedor OJ, Lee S, Levey R. Cervical Spondylotic Myelopathy Presenting as Ischemic Stroke: A Case Report. Cureus. 2019 Mar 21;11(3):e4291. doi: 10.7759/cureus.4291. PMID: 31183272; PMCID: PMC6538236.
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