Glioma

The term “glioma” could technically be used to refer to all tumors of any glial lineage (i.e., from glial cells such as oligodendroglia, ependymal cells, Schwann cells, microglia…), but in its common usage, “glioma” usually refers only to astrocytic tumors.

In April 2019, Feng et al. downloaded glioma-related publications indexed in PubMed between 1994 and 2018. They used Python to extract the title, publication date, MeSH terms, and abstract from the metadata of each publication for bibliometric assessment. Latent Dirichlet allocation (LDA) was applied to the abstracts to identify publications' research topics with greater specificity.

They identified and analyzed a total of 52,625 publications. They found that research on prognosis and the treatment of glioblastoma increased the most in terms of volume and rate of publications over the past 25 years. However, publications regarding clinical trials accounted for <5% of all publications considered in this study. The current research landscape covers clinical, pre-clinical, biological, and technical aspects of glioblastoma; at present, researchers appear to be less concerned with glioblastoma's psychological effects or patients' end-of-life care.

Publication of glioma-related research has expanded rapidly over the past 25 years. Common topics include the disease's molecular background, patients' survival, and treatment outcomes; more research needs to be done on the psychological aspects of glioblastoma and end-of-life care ¹⁾

Studies on gliomas suggested that the microenvironment of human gliomas contains both glioma stem cells (GSCs) and glioma associated (GA)-mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs; (GA-MSCs). Also, studies have suggested that nano- sized vesicles, termed exosomes, have been recently observed to contribute towards intercellular communication within the tumor niche ²⁾.

Glioma is the most frequent primary cerebral tumor in adults, with an incidence of 4–5/100 000 individuals. Gliomas are the second leading cause of cancer mortality in adults under the age of 35, the fourth leading cause in those under the age of 54, and result in death in approximately 13 770 individuals per year in the United States.

Approximately 89,000 new primary brain tumors are diagnosed in the United States each year, for which 27% are gliomas and 32.8% are malignant gliomas ³⁾.

The are more frequent among males ⁴⁾.

see Glioma Classification.

see Glioma Biomarker.

see Gliomagenesis

Glioma angiogenesis

see Glioma spread.

see Glioma recurrence.

Many gliomas become symptomatic with either seizures or focal neurological deficits and are subsequently detected via MRI.

see Glioma-related epilepsy.

Maternal migraine was positively associated with risk for non-Hodgkin lymphoma (odds ratio [OR] = 1.70, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.01-2.86), central nervous system tumors ([OR = 1.31, 95% CI: 1.02-1.68], particularly glioma [OR = 1.64, 95% CI: 1.12-2.40]), neuroblastoma (OR = 1.75, 95% CI: 1.00-3.08), and osteosarcoma (OR = 2.60, 95% CI: 1.18-5.76).

Associations with maternal migraine were observed for several childhood cancers, including neuronal tumors. The findings raise questions about the role of lifestyle factors, sex hormones, genetic, and neurochemical factors in the relationship between migraine and childhood cancers ⁵⁾

see Glioma Diagnosis.

see Glioma Guidelines

see Glioma treatment.

see Glioma outcome.

see Glioma Books.

Glioma case series.

Glioma database