see Journals.
A journal is considered a periodical, that is, a serial publication in which parts (known as “issues”) are authored by various contributors. Each issue is numbered and constitutes part of a predetermined number of issues that completes a volume 1).
The first journal dedicated to the field of neurosurgery can be debated. The first recurrent publication whose major focus was in the field of neurosurgery was Travaux de Neurologie Chirurgicale, initially published by Chipault in 1896
1)
Houghton B: Scientific Periodicals. Their Historical
Development, Characteristics and Control. Hamden, CT:
Linnet Books, 1975, pp 11–19